That said, following the prevailing trend doesn’t always work. As we have seen, periods of optimism are often followed by periods of fear and pessimism. You cannot always “buy low,” wait patiently, and assume that there will be crowds of naive amateur buyers ready to push the price up higher. If you wait too long, you’ll hit so-called resistance, and it will be too late to profit from the move. Obviously, trading is not always easy. You must gauge the phase that the market is in, anticipate what will happen next, and enter and exit a trade at optimal times. You must do your homework, rely on your instincts and make educated guesses as to where the markets will go next.

Many traders make the mistake of assuming that they can merely look at the trend and trade on impulse, with little knowledge about what they are trading and what makes it move, but astute traders do their homework. They study the history of a company or a market, the range of prices and the factors that influence the rise and fall of the price. By doing your homework, you can better anticipate how the price will move. For example, you can determine what others see as support and resistance levels. You can determine whether the current price is the result of various market factors, or seemingly for no discernable reason.

By knowing all you can know about what you are trading, you will ultimately take less risk. When you buy at typical levels of so-called support, you know that in the long run it is likely that prices will return to that point in a worst-case scenario. When prices go beyond that range, and you know there is no sound reason for the increase in price, you will know to sell while the masses are interested. And when they sell out of fear and prices drop back to their previous levels, you can buy back. It’s possible to make money on the way up and on the way down. It’s all a matter of knowing as much as possible about what you’re trading to the point of becoming an expert.

Trading is much like sales. You have to know what the public thinks they want and when they want it. You need to buy at low prices and sell it to the public when the price is high. Just like in any business, however, you can’t make such forecasts without knowing what the price patterns look like when the public is going to come in. Don’t trade on impulse. Do your homework and make sound educated speculations. It’s less risky and more profitable.

Trading often comes down to performing in a peak performance state at a few key moments. To take advantage of these key moments, you must be relaxed. If you have strained your mental “muscles,” you’ll have difficulty taking advantage of these opportunities. Your mind will be elsewhere or you’ll be too tired to act decisively. When you’re tired, it’s hard to gauge market action accurately. You’ll be prone to decision-making biases and you may act impulsively because you are too tired to patiently wait for the proper signals to enter or exit a trade. By staying relaxed yet full of energy, you’ll be able to trade in a logical and disciplined manner.

You don’t need to perform at a peak performance state every minute of your life. Many people can work for only a limited number of hours a day, and if we try to work in marathon stretches, it eventually catches up with us, and is shown by our weak performance. Just as a runner must rest when his or her muscles ache, it’s vital to take breaks after a marathon work session.

Part of trading profitably is the acknowledgment of your limitations and putting together sensible ways to work around them. Don’t think you are superhuman. Take a few days off to rest and regain your mental and physical strength. Get plenty of rest so that next week, you will be ready to handle whatever the market throws at you.

These concepts sound good in theory, but how do you put these ideas into practice? First it may all depend on how many past conflicts you have in the back of your mind and your self-esteem. If you are unsure of your abilities, it’s hard not to worry about the future, especially when you are facing extreme pressure in the midst of a trade. If you are easily shaken by uncertainty and stress, your mind will tend to wander toward your past mistakes and regrets and you’ll tend to question your ability to control your destiny. But, if on the other hand, you are especially confident, you are not likely to be troubled by your past, and can more easily live in the moment. That said, it may be extremely difficult for some to live in the moment for very long, or to stay there and completely cast aside all past regrets or worries about the future. You can strive to reach this state of existence for a short time, however, at least long enough to evaluate a trade and take decisive action. The first step is to monitor your thoughts and identify instances where you are mulling over the past. The second step is to actively try to push such thoughts out of your awareness. For example, you may think, “I wish I hadn’t lost so much money on my last trade,” or “I’m frustrated that I’ve had so many losing trades.” You may think these thoughts throughout the day and it’s difficult to just shut them out. But it is definitely possible to put them aside for about an hour, while you monitor a trade and decide what action to take next. You may similarly worry about the future: “I wonder if I will keep losing or will I finally make huge gains?” After you are aware of the kinds of thoughts that indicate you are mulling over the past or worrying about the future, such thoughts can be pushed aside temporarily. It may be necessary to yell “stop” or think, “Don’t think about that right now; I can consider these issues later, after I’m done evaluating my trade.” Now, using these strategies won’t put you in that ideal mental state where you are completely in the moment, but it will help you get to a mental state that is close to the ideal. It may take some practice, but you can eventually reach this mental state.

The best traders are not self-conscious about their mistakes. They don’t regret past mistakes or worry about the future. They live in the moment. You can also live in the moment, if you practice cultivating the proper mindset. When you reach this peak level of experience, you’ll not only be more profitable, you will enjoy trading, and find it to be fulfilling in its own right.

We can look at the advantages and disadvantages.

Seminars are a form of information exchange. A group of people interested in trading come together for discussion of specific trading techniques and learning of topics related to the business of trading.

There can be one or more speakers in a trading seminar, and these speaker or speakers are usually experts in the trading business.

Lots of traders attend seminars each year, some attending more than once. There are many who learn best in this manner of education.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a trading seminar if you choose to attend or if you’re thinking of attending?

Advantages:
• Learn about cutting-edge ideas, innovations, and technologies

• A wealth of knowledge presented at one time in one place; a lot of learning, with most material compressed into two or three days.

• A sense of fellowship, where traders of a like-mind can meet others with the same interests, problems, and concerns that they may have in learning to trade or to improve existing trading techniques. You are able to network with and share information.

• There is a sense of renewed hope and inspiration, as traders discover they are not alone in their trading concerns. Stress is lessened by sharing experiences with others. Being with others who understand an individual’s trading problems or concerns, is an effective morale booster!

• For those who don’t like to read, or attend classes, a seminar offers a practical way to improve knowledge of a specific subject.

• A seminar offers the opportunity to “get away” from the usual routine. A nice vacation, in a good hotel in a situation of camaraderie can produce fresh ideas and new insights.

• Knowledge and comprehension gained at a trading seminar can “turn on the light.” Odd pieces of previous learned information suddenly come together and a new level of understanding is achieved.

• Trading can be a lonely business. A Trading seminar offers the opportunity to meet other traders and to make friendships that can last a lifetime.

Disadvantages:
• Cost! Attendees must absorb their own costs. Seminars usually have an entry fee. All travel costs, some or all food costs, hotel costs, and miscellaneous costs must be absorbed by the attendees.

• There’s a chance that the speaker(s) may not be sharing correct knowledge, or not at all knowledgeable themselves. Tips, tricks, and strategies need to be weighed as to “value” and “accuracy” before using them.

• The time spent away from your home, business, or family. Time is always a concern when scheduling activities and some traders simply can’t spare the time away from their lives to attend a seminar.

• There’s always the chance that what is covered may not actively help your trading or your trading concerns, and that the seminar will be a waste of time, where nothing you learn is of any use to you.

• There’s a chance you will expect too much from a seminar and therefore be disappointed. A seminar can present material too complicated for some and too simple for others.

Overall, seminars, if chosen carefully, are an excellent way to learn, and can be a wonderful experience. There should be a handout or materials that you take with you to help cement what you have learned at the seminar. For some seminars offer specific cures for trading or other problems. Keep in mind, a trading seminar is an elective event, and success or failure in trading may or may not hinge on attending one!

A key item to look for is follow-up. Whether it is via Internet, email, forums, chat rooms, or the ability to repeat the seminar at a reduced cost, you don’t want your seminar experience to “die at the door,” as you leave.

People have the tendency to believe that the accuracy of their forecasts increases with more information. This is the illusion of knowledge - that more information increases your knowledge about something and improves your decisions. However, this is not always the case - increased levels of information do not necessarily lead to greater knowledge. There are three reasons for this. First, some information does not help us make predictions and can even mislead us. Second, many people may not have the training, experience, or skills to interpret the information. And, finally, people tend to interpret new information as confirmation of their prior beliefs.

Let me give you an example of how too much information can lead to a paralysis of confusion.

I met a man who was an avid student of the teachings of W.D. Gann. Gann believed in the movement of prices along a 45 degree angle. He also believed that time intervals of 3, 5, 9, and others had great importance. So the man I knew created moving averages of 3 bars, 5 bars, 9 bars and multiples thereof. Of course, 3 x 9 equals 27 and so he kept 27 bar moving averages. 5 x 9 is 45, and so he also kept 45 bar moving averages. He also watched 135 bar moving averages (3×45) and others. He looked for agreement among all of these moving averages, which of course, led to great confusion, since it was rare indeed and most likely coincidental when all of the moving averages showed some sort of agreement (confluence). So this man suffered greatly from paralysis of analysis. He simply had too much information, and he was unable to pull the trigger on a trade.

I will never forget the statement he made to me: “Joe, I know so much. Why then is it that I never seem to be making money?”

I think from the above description you should be able to figure it out, just as I did.

Overtrading can be a number of things: trading too large a size for your account; trading too often; or simply putting on trades unnecessarily, and without a trading plan.

Some traders may overtrade because they assume a real trader must trade all day. Others overtrade because they crave the excitement and the adrenalin rush that trading can bring. Still others overtrade because of some frustration they feel in their lives. For them, putting on trades is like playing the lottery: every trade brings hope of success and fulfillment. Others are just plain greedy and hope to make as much profit as possible during the trading day. However, overtrading usually doesn’t pay.

Does trading more mean you make more money than trading less? Not according to studies that have been made. For the most part, over-traders end up churning their own account. Commissions and fees eat up a huge portion of their profits.
The reasons for overtrading are very similar regardless of the timeframe traded. Some traders put on trades for the thrill of making a big win, while others over-extend their trading knowledge or trading abilities. Regardless of the reasons, the net results are the same — their trading accounts are unnecessarily depleted.

One way to stop overtrading is to force yourself to follow a method. A method is supported by a very detailed trading plan. Of course you can develop your own detailed trading plan, in which case you will have developed your own method. Whether it is your own method or someone else’s, it is to your advantage to stick with it. Before you put on a trade, make sure your trading plan is clear. Identify the signals or indicators you will use to monitor the trade. Anticipate which indications will signal when a trade is going against you. Prove your trading plan with real money on the line, and make sure that you have sound reasons for putting on a trade. Make sure you are taking advantage of good setups, rather than acting on the urge to put on a trade. By carefully monitoring your trading plan, you can reduce overtrading and the potential damage it can do to your trading account. Limiting your trades will not only increase your chances of making profits, but you’ll feel a sense of psychological stability that comes with consistently profitable trading.

Another way to determine that prices are about to break out of a trading range is to note if you have a 1-2-3 followed by a Ross hook within the trading range. If both are present, the percentages favor a breakout to follow, and entry by way of a TTE is acceptable.

A 1-2-3 formation followed by a Ross hook is a consistent objective chart pattern for defining that a trend or swing is in process. Once the point of the Ross hook has been violated, this pattern is enough to establish that a trend or swing does exist.

What a terrible mistake to allow yourself to make. Winning in the markets consists of making some small profits and some larger profits on a regular basis. Obviously there will be some losses. We regularly want to keep losses small, but there are times when a loss will get away from us and turn out to be bigger than desired.

If adversity causes you to become upset, then you really need to examine your thinking and your approach to trading. Your trading plan must allow for disappointment and loss.

You’ve got to believe in what you are doing and be able to trade from the knowledge that when you follow your rules and your plan, you will make money from your trading.

When you become disillusioned and start to change your plan, your rules, or both, you are setting yourself up for a sucker play. The worst thing that can happen to you is that you will lose the courage of your convictions. Without that courage you cannot trade with any level of confidence.

This is why I encourage you to write out the reasons and rationale for every trade that you make until you have developed a keen recognition of the trades that are your trades. Write out your trading plan every day for every trade. Then you can go back over your trading and be able to see why and when you are successful.

Trading Educators

Another good thing to do is to keep a diary of your feelings. Learn which feelings go with the winning trades. Keeping such a diary will help you to become a more intuitive trader. In my book Trading Is a Business, I describe how to do that. It certainly helped me to know when a trade “felt right.” But at first, much to my own pain and regret, I ignored those feelings. When I began being obedient to my feelings, my wins increased substantially.

Trading Educators